Unit 2 - Organisms & their environment |
Area of study 1 - Adaptations of organisms
environmental factors: biotic and abiotic factors; availability of resources;
• structural adaptations: relating major features of organisms to survival value;
• physiological adaptations
– tolerance range of organisms; maintaining equilibrium by detecting and responding to changes in environmental conditions
– nerve control in complex multicellular organisms: major sense organs and pathways of transmission of nerve impulses
– hormonal control in complex multicellular organisms
– regulating water balance and controlling temperature;
• plant tropisms: growth responses, rhythmic activities;
• behavioural adaptations: individual and group behaviours of animals including rhythmic activities, feeding behaviours; communication; social and territorial behaviours;
• reproductive adaptations: systems and strategies; development and life cycles;
• techniques used to monitor environmental change and species distribution.
• structural adaptations: relating major features of organisms to survival value;
• physiological adaptations
– tolerance range of organisms; maintaining equilibrium by detecting and responding to changes in environmental conditions
– nerve control in complex multicellular organisms: major sense organs and pathways of transmission of nerve impulses
– hormonal control in complex multicellular organisms
– regulating water balance and controlling temperature;
• plant tropisms: growth responses, rhythmic activities;
• behavioural adaptations: individual and group behaviours of animals including rhythmic activities, feeding behaviours; communication; social and territorial behaviours;
• reproductive adaptations: systems and strategies; development and life cycles;
• techniques used to monitor environmental change and species distribution.
2) Cell Theory and Organisation - cell structure: prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells at light and electron microscope levels; cellular
organisation - Microscope pracs: Cheek cell, Elodea, Onion, Agapanthus, Paramecium, + prepared slides: cells to tissue |
3) Cell Structure - cell functioning: specialised parts of cells and their functions
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3) Biochemical Processes 1 - Photosynthesis - biochemical processes including photosynthesis:
Prac: effect of light intensity, CO2 |
4) Biochemical Processes 2 - Cellular Respiration - biochemical processes including cellular respiration - Prac: Yeast fermentation prac, O2 conc prac, insect respiration
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5) Biochemical Processes 3 - Enzymes - general role of enzymes in : Pepsin, Amylase, Hydrogen peroxide... Prac: pH, temp, conc effects
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6) Transport 1 - The Membrane & Surface Area to Volume Ratio
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6) Transport 1 - Diffusion: Prac: Agar cubes and NaOH
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7) Transport 2 - Osmosis : Prac - Osmosis in apples, Demo apparatus, dialysis tubing, on elodea cells + microscope
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8) Transport 3 - Active Transport
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9) Cell Division 1 - Mitosis and Cytokinesis
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10) Cell Division 2 - Meiosis
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Area of study 2 - dynamic ecosystems
common requirements of living things
– obtaining nutrients: organic and inorganic requirements; autotrophs; heterotrophs
– obtaining energy: inputs and outputs of photosynthesis; structural features of photosynthetic
organisms
– processing nutrients: features of effective systems in heterotrophs; examples of systems in
different animals
– distributing materials: features of effective transport systems; examples of transport systems
in multicellular organisms
– removing wastes: nature of waste products and toxic substances; excretory mechanisms and
systems
– exchanging gases: features of effective surfaces of gaseous exchange; mechanisms and systems
of gaseous exchange in multicellular organisms; process of diffusion
• reproduction: asexual and sexual reproduction; mechanisms and systems of reproduction in
unicellular and multicellular organisms
• classifying organisms: purposes, principles, hierarchy of biological classification; features typically
used in constructing major taxonomic groups.
– obtaining nutrients: organic and inorganic requirements; autotrophs; heterotrophs
– obtaining energy: inputs and outputs of photosynthesis; structural features of photosynthetic
organisms
– processing nutrients: features of effective systems in heterotrophs; examples of systems in
different animals
– distributing materials: features of effective transport systems; examples of transport systems
in multicellular organisms
– removing wastes: nature of waste products and toxic substances; excretory mechanisms and
systems
– exchanging gases: features of effective surfaces of gaseous exchange; mechanisms and systems
of gaseous exchange in multicellular organisms; process of diffusion
• reproduction: asexual and sexual reproduction; mechanisms and systems of reproduction in
unicellular and multicellular organisms
• classifying organisms: purposes, principles, hierarchy of biological classification; features typically
used in constructing major taxonomic groups.